Compensation

              Compensation

                                Ralph Waldo Emerson.

                                                                            
                             

                

                                             

                                           

                                       The Title is very apt to its meaning and context .The poem which written by Emerson is full of philosophy and transcendentalism.

Main idea of the poem is    “Balance in in balance”.

                        The speaker asks the question like

                      “Do I have a right to be happy when others are not?.

               It is also having the fact that everyone is not happy at the same time.

                                      The reader have the question that is he talking to the readers or himself and he also presents the reality that inbalance cannot be removed. This poem is having a direct question and the speaker asks it himself.

                          This poem is in a mood of meditation in which the speaker tries to meditate himself. In the see of full questions regarding equality .Emerson seems to be a preacher here who shares or preaches the “Buddhist Philosophy” so as to human being is unique and no one is superior or inferior .This uniqueness makes all human beings equal otherwise these is no equality among people because everyone is different in their own fields that is way they are unique. Though, all posses’ dissimilarities, their dissimilarities make them all different and this is their uniqueness.

           The writer has used figurative language in this poem. In which he bifurcate two things .On one side there is an individual and on another side the society itself. The very direct question makes the whole poem clear that is

                  “What do you mean when you say you are not equal to somebody?”

                             He intentionally uses the world ALONE in the line.

                         “I sit and mourn alone.”

                       He does not use lonely but rather alone to spread his ideas but nobody will belive or accept this idea that is why he is all alone. In second stanza he says,

                      “And why when mirth unseals all tongues”.

                      He is freely singing his ideas with regard to uniqueness .He sings about the mirth or joy .Indirectly the speaker makes the reader aware of the fact that when you wish to be equal to someone means you are hating your own position or status and want to be equal to that person’s position. Every person has his or her own talent which others do not have.

                             What becomes more impotant here is satisfaction what matters here is one’s work and how the way one works. Those who are satisfied their needs have been fulfilled. They are happy because the period of happiness is short lived. Emerson’s poem does not have poetic qualities but philophical one and this poem is not exception in this. Position does not give you equality or happiness but one’s satisfaction gives that happiness.

                                  The Indian philosophy of “KARMA” is very applicable here .In short, the speaker makes everyone equal by saying that we are not equal and this is how it makes everyone equal. Thus, all have this kind of uniqueness.

  

                                                        

Conscience

             Conscience

                          Henry David Thoreau.

      

              

                   

                        

     

                             

                         In this poem conscience stands for inner sense and indirectly also asks the question

                      Do I have my own conscience?

                                              The very first problem is society itself because there are innumerable taboos in society and also confusion which suggests that life is not rhythmic .It is also said that the conscience is based on fear not love. This poem talks about individuality because in society what happens with every individual is that he or she does not sustain any individuality .There is no uniqueness among people .he directly asks the question like

                    “Where is your individuality?”

               The poem is actually in the form of debate where the speaker speaks to himself .The meaningful lines he  share are

               “I love like whose plot is simple

                And does not thicken with every”.

                   Here plot means the life itself which is not at all straight and simple rather smoother and with this , he has interwoven other stories as well he also challenges “ The Bible” according to which life has forms and speaker clarify that life is harder than math’s because there is no specific formula in life itself.

                              What he meant here by pimple is problems which occur in life.it also means something unpleasant and unwanted .You like clear roads where you dislike speed breakers, pits etc. Similarity pimples are also like speed breakers which do not let the life be simple and clear .The problems as pimples crop up in one’s life.

                 The question he asks earlier is very rhetorical are which is highly or rather thoroughly philosophical .in this poem he makes demands.

                      More ever, he writes;-

                   “I love an earnest soul,

                    Who’s mightily joys and sorrow?

                    Are not drowned in a how!”

               And clarifies the hidden meaning that is about honesty which is very difficult to define .Indirectly it is symbolize the fact that conscience, similarity cannot be defined .It also presents the ideas that honesty and conscience are very wide forms which cannot be defined in a shorter span like a bowl which is very narrow and also says that man should not be narrow minded we are happy because society is happy and we are unhappy because it’s unhappy.

                      Thoreau likes the concept that Adam was faithful to Eve because he’s going to live with wife not God. He is talking about hypocrisy and says that we all pretend to be good but obviously we are not good in the underneath lines.

               “I love a soul not all of wood

                Predestined to be good,

                But true the backbone”.

               Our life is full of Dos and Don’ts right and wrong but what about the third form named “Right Wrong”.

   Similarly these are one another example of Black and White – Grey but what about this third form. So he present his dilemma here ad says that it impossible Thoreau also shares his ideas by saying that  we all are human because we all have the same problem of inner sense of conscience and of 

                  “Where to go?”

                   “What to choose?”

                                                          Thoreau believes that life is beyond logic .Life is like a poem which can have multiple interpretation .First he capitalizes God in the line,

           “By whom the works which God begun”.

   Then he does not capitalize it in the line

         “If not good God, Good Devil”

 And Then again he capitalizes him in the line

              “To cheer God along”

                    It clearly shows that he does not favor to God but rather satirizes him and he satirizes him and he blames god who made the author.

               The main theme of this poem is

                    “I want to be what I am”.

             I do not want to be what I should be.

                                          Further more he presents his hidden and meaningful ideas that piece of wood can be crafted as it is solid but conscience is not solid and then says that if we are pieces of woods then God is craftsman’s, we are merely wooden soul who is predesignate to be good .So human beings are mere toys or actors.

                               Thoreau comes to the conclusion that one’s soul must be true to one .I must be true to one. I must be mere nothing else. This poem also reminds of Jayanat Mahapatra “Missing” in which he question himself by saying

                          “What I am?”

                   And loneliness is important to know who you are similarly in this poem, the question is asked not to be answered .We are helpless creatures we are living like corpses. The speaker says that he wants solitude so that he can know himself .He wants   time to talk to himself and put a very wonderful question

              “Do you talk to yourself everyday”?

                   It is all about placing ourselves in disguise in day to day life. We never take a time to think to talk to us. If is good to be alone sometimes and finally he says that when you are free you can say that it’s your conscience.

    Conclusion:-

                  “What is this life?

                     If full of care

                    We have no time to stand and stare”

            Thus, Thoreau, here talks about the freedom in which one can contemplate about or over his conscience in which one can think about the answer of “What am I”?

                                   

 

      

Reunion

                                

                                                                 Reunion

                                                      W.St.John Tayleur.
                                   

        


                             The author present before the reader a very important message that man has never learnt from his past. He has continued making the same errors despite the two world wars.

                The play is also a  satirical remark on human nature we talks about the changes that takes place in the lives of the main characters of the play.
                  
    These so called gentlemen made big promises which they never kept. They have become selfish  more ever they have lost their love for their country.

       All of them have become self centered.
 
               This play dramatizes the theme of failure of treachery of betrayed hopes and ideas .There are four  war comrades who have met after ten years.They remembered what happened to them ten years before.
 
      Actually they were  seven comrades and only four survived and these four comrades  have gathered to commemorate the date with destiny.

    There four characters are

GEORGE CARTER
PHILIP ROWLANDS
MARK TALLIS
PETER RANSOME


                              George Carter is a succeeded man and he believes that money can buy any things in this world .He does not  hesitate to  do illegal things with the help of money.
 
                  He has  a very interesting discussion with Rowlands a parer .We talks Rowlands that ideas are good in the book.
     
       Actually these values of life are dismissed by people like Carter in a nut shell be does not care about morality when it comes to progress and success.

               Carter and Ransome have an interesting discussion on how sergeant Smith was force to commit suicide.

         Carter says that he would not have allowed it to happen .He had known about his situation.
     
                         This  means that he would have saved because of personal relation .So  in  the question that comes to our mind is

     “ But what about all the other sergeant Smiths”.

Carter symbolizes double  standered if he had not been his friend.He would have been a smart bit of business .his mentality has separates man from man. It this situation in  the play to give it universality apply.

    
The second characters we are introduced to is a writer named Mark Tallis.Who has also abandon high ideals.He used to believe in the ideals about the writer duty to the public but his experience in the field has taught him that it's more important to people.

            Next comes Philip Rowlands who is a padre. He two belive that  it was his mission to his all ideals have been clashed to ground.

       He trice to logical true that he also needed by the rich people and only young man can work for the poor. It is obvious that he uses the church for is own his progress.
   
             The last character we meet is disappointed young man lad Peter Ransome who thinks that  he deserve from his country .He  has decided  to move to America .The reason for his disppoinntment is that he has not being provided with a good jog like he comrades .He represent the embittered youth of England.
    
        This four characters are not so much individuals as symbols which  respectively represent   the capitalists in the church the writers and the youth.
    
           All of them have forgotten their duty towards their nation and towards mankind.
  
   Grayson  lightly asked

                                “ Will men never learn”

               But it is not only the negative side of life .The writer shows we can still move human conscience.
        
           Grayson stands for conscience .he talks not only for four character but also human race at large  .At transformation take place but it's short leave.

           when this four characters find out that this grayson his comrades brother .They
abused him which proves that they have not  learn for Grayson.

        THe last word spoken by lesson for human race.

                          “But there's still time,gentlemen”.